What Causes a Hyperextended Elbow?

A hyperextended elbow occurs when a significant impact or force is exerted on the elbow. The injury is most common among athletes. Young children can also experience a hyperextended elbow after falling and landing on an outstretched arm. In these cases, the body’s weight is transmitted through the elbow, increasing the risk of hyperextension injury.

Slippery or unstable surfaces may increase the chances of sustaining a hyperextended elbow. Other causes include pulling too hard on an object or having the arm suddenly yanked.

Hyperextended Elbow Symptoms

Hyperextension injuries can be painful because joints are sensitive areas. Even small movements after hyperextending your elbow can cause immediate, sharp pain. Depending on the injury’s severity, the pain may also present as a dull ache.

People with dislocated or fractured elbows may notice a bulge where the bone is forced out of place. They may hear a popping sound when the elbow is hyperextended. The joint can swell, and the skin in that area may turn red or bruised.

Other symptoms may include:

• Elbow swelling

• Bruised skin

• Weakness in the affected arm

• Pain at the joint when trying to straighten the arm

• Muscle spasms in the affected arm

• Arm numbness

It is crucial to see a doctor if you experience hyperextended elbow symptoms. If the arm appears severely injured, immediate medical attention is required. You may need urgent care if:

• You cannot straighten your arm

• There is visible disfigurement of the joint

• The bone has penetrated the skin

How is a Hyperextended Elbow Diagnosed?

Resurgens Orthopaedics physicians will assess your medical history and perform a physical examination to evaluate your injury. Your doctor may use noninvasive diagnostic tools to determine the extent of the damage, including:

• X-rays to provide images of bones and joints

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans to assess soft tissue and identify damage to surrounding structures

These images help your doctor diagnose your injury and develop the best treatment plan for your hyperextended elbow.

Hyperextended Elbow Treatment

Treatment for a hyperextended elbow may include surgical and nonsurgical options. During the initial healing period, patients may need to keep the arm immobilized and avoid flexing the elbow to promote recovery and prevent further injury. Many patients also benefit from physical therapy as part of their rehabilitation. Healing time varies depending on the severity of the injury.

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Physical therapy and rehabilitation are essential parts of recovery after a hyperextended elbow injury. Working with a physical therapist ensures you follow a tailored exercise program designed to restore normal range of motion and reduce pain. Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises help rebuild the muscles surrounding the elbow, supporting the joint and improving overall function.

Undergoing Physical therapy helps the elbow heal correctly and reduces the risk of chronic elbow instability. By gradually increasing activity under professional supervision, you can safely regain strength and flexibility, ensuring a full return to daily activities and reducing the likelihood of future injury.

Managing Pain and Discomfort

Managing pain and discomfort is a key part of treatment. Many people experience sharp or sudden pain immediately after injury, which can be distressing. To reduce pain and swelling, apply an ice pack or cold compress to the injured area, especially in the first few days. Anti-inflammatory medications, as advised by your doctor, can help control pain and decrease inflammation in the soft tissues.

In some cases, an elastic bandage or elbow brace may provide additional support and help reduce swelling. For more severe injuries involving significant tissue or bone damage, elbow surgery may be necessary. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions to ensure proper healing and avoid further complications.

Common home care recommendations include:

• Rest and limited movement: Restrict elbow use to allow healing. Avoid any activities that require elbow movement. An elbow brace may help you resume daily routines safely.

• Ice therapy: Applying ice can reduce swelling. Wrap ice in a cloth and apply for 20 minutes, then remove for 20 minutes. Repeat this cycle during the first week after injury.

• Compression and elevation: Use an elastic bandage or compression sleeve to limit joint movement and reduce swelling. Ensure it is not too tight. Keep your elbow elevated above your heart when possible.

• Anti-inflammatory medication: Medicines such as ibuprofen or aspirin can help reduce pain and inflammation. Always consult your doctor regarding proper dosage.

• Physical therapy: Exercises prescribed by your doctor or physical therapist can help restore strength in the muscles around the injured area.

Surgical Treatment

Damage to bones, tendons, ligaments, nerves, or surrounding tissues may be significant enough to require surgery. You and your doctor will discuss the most effective treatment approach for your hyperextended elbow.

The post-surgery healing process may take several weeks or months. You may need to restrict elbow movement with a brace. After pain decreases, physical therapy can help strengthen muscles and restore mobility.

People across Georgia rely on specialists at Resurgens Orthopaedics to relieve their hyperextended elbow symptoms. Schedule an appointment with our experts today.

Preventing Hyperextension

Preventing hyperextension injuries is especially important for people who participate in contact sports or strenuous physical activities. To protect the elbow joint, always use proper form and technique during exercise and avoid movements that push the elbow beyond its normal range of motion. Wearing protective gear, such as elbow pads, can help absorb impact and reduce risk.

It’s also important to warm up before physical activity and avoid playing contact sports with an already injured elbow. By understanding your elbow’s normal range and respecting its limits, you can help prevent hyperextension injuries and maintain healthy elbow function.

Conclusion and Final Considerations

A hyperextended elbow occurs when the joint is forced beyond its normal range of motion, often resulting in pain, swelling, or other symptoms. Hyperextension injuries can lead to more severe complications, such as elbow deformity, chronic instability, or soft tissue damage.

Treatment options range from rest and physical therapy to surgical intervention for more severe injuries. Seeking immediate medical attention and following a comprehensive treatment plan are essential for proper healing and restoring function. Regular physical therapy and attention to proper technique can help maintain normal range of motion and reduce the risk of future elbow injuries.

Find relief from hyperextended elbow injuries with the specialists at Resurgens Orthopaedics. Schedule an appointment at one of our Metro Atlanta locations today.